Why were the Arab armies successful?
Gap-fill exercise
 
After the death of , the caliphs carried on his work of spreading . Caliph means successor. The first four caliphs had all known the Prophet. They were respected as good and wise men. The first , Abu Bakr, led the conquest of Arabia. The next caliph, Umar, led attacks on the Persian Empire.

The armies were successful in conquering new lands for a number of reasons. Their the Persians and the Byzantines were weak because they had already been fighting a long with each other.

Some of the Muslim fighters were nomads this helped them win battles because they were used to fighting battles in the and travelling a long way from home.

The Muslim fighters who died fighting a or holy war believed they would go to when they died this was a very strong belief and made the soldiers very brave. This was another reason why they were successful.


The soldiers of were different from other armies at this time because they were united by prayer. Every day they would be led in by their commander whom they would also follow in battle.


These then, are the reasons why the Muslim armies were successful in conquering other lands; they were fighting weak enemies, the nomadic soldiers were used to moving long distances and fighting battles, they were united by Islam and the belief that because they were fighting for when they died, they would go to heaven.

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